Hence, when the author began work on a new textbook on soil mechanics he considered it advisable to separate theory completely from practical application. Yet, as in every other field of engineering, the first presentation of the theoretical principles has been followed by a period of transition characterized by a tendency toward indiscriminate application of theory and by unwarranted generalizations. The Proceedings of the First International Conference on Boil Mechanics (Cambridge 1936) alone contains a greater amount of quantitative infonnation regarding soils and foundations than the entire engineering literature prior to 1910. PREFACE In the fifteen years since the author published his first book on soil mechanics interest in this subject has spread over the whole globe and both our theoretical and our practical knowledge of the subject have expanded rapidly. The reissue of the classic Theoretical Soil Mechanics will serve as a reminder to engineers and researchers of the pitfalls of modeling idealized materials for which the implications of the idealizations are too easily overlooked. General frameworks of theories of soil mechanics have remained essentially the same, though some theories have been refined in the light of new knowledge on behavior of geotechnical materials, and with the help of computerbased numerical simulation. These new editions have been required because, since Theoretical Soil Mechanics was published, the largest part of new information in soil mechanics has been in knowledge of the physical properties of real soils and the difference between the behavior of soils in the laboratory and in the field. The first edition of the companion volume, Soil Mechanics in Engineering Practice, appeared in 1948, followed by second and third editions, published in 19, respectively. Terzaghi's decision to emphasize the difference by devoting this book to the behavior of the idealized materials, leaving the vīehavior of real geological and construction materials to a companion volume, has had a profound beneficial influence on the development of earthwork engineering. As Terzaghi himself noted, real soils, being the products of nature, differ behaviorally in some respects from the idealized materials considered in the theories. They are no less significant in today's computer age than when the book first appeared. These fundamental aspects of theory were first clearly set forth in a systematic way in this book and opened the door to the intelligent interpretation of field and laboratory observations. Even elaborate large-scale model tests to investigate the validity of the theories produced conflicting and confusing results, because the significance of the boundary deformation conditions was not appreciated. The discrepancy was the result of the users' failure to recognize the deformation conditions implicit in the theories. The distribution of the earth pressure with depth against the bracing of temporary open cuts with vertical sides is a notable example. Their use led sometimes to realistic results, sometimes to predictions at marked variations from reality. Theories concerning the behavior of earthworks, including the classical earth-pressure theories of Coulomb and Rankine, abounded long before the appearance of this book.
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Theoretical Soil Mechanics remains a rich source book for solutions that emphasize the assumptions and provide back-of-the-envelope reality checks.
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The need for simplicity has today been somewhat lessened by the computer, but the ability to carry out complex calculations nonetheless increases the need for simple checks by means of approximate theories with clearly defined assumptions.
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Because of the departures from reality inherent in the application of any theory to a practical problem, simplicity was preferred to complexity, and the discrepancies between the results of calculations and reality were discovered and addressed by means of field observations. Theoretical Soil Mechanics determined the pattern of this development in no small way, by presenting the assumptions and defining the limits of usefulness of theory in dealing with the complex natural materials with which the geotechnical engineer must work. The content of this book is identical to previous printings.Īll Rights Reserved This book OT any part thereof must not be reproduced in any form without the written permission of the publishsrįOREWORD Since the appearance of Theoretical Soil Mechanics six decades ago, geotechnical engineering has grown from a barely accepted specialized area into an essential major field in civil engineering. We are pleased that the use of this new technology will enable us to keep works of enduring scholarly value in print as long as there is a reasonable demand for them. Karl Terzaghi Copyright © 1943 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.Ī NOTE TO THE READER This book has been electronically reproduced from digital information stored at John Wiley & Sons, Inc.